The forest community structure of park lands responds to two major factors: Past land use and soil conditions. The forest patterns reflect past land use in successional stages from pioneer community types (pine) to disturbance climax communities (oak-hickory). The vegetation of the battlefields is classified as oak-hickory forest in ...

Many different vegetative types provides habitat for a wide variety of wildlife in the park. Open land wildlife includes rabbits, groundhogs, quail, mourning dove, hawks, owls, field sparrows and several other bird species normally found in cropland, pasture, and meadows. Woodland wildlife includes white-tailed deer, gray squirrels, raccoon, opossum, ...

Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania National Military Park was created not only to preserve the resources and memory of four Civil War Battles, but also has an important natural resource element. Of the park's currently owned 7,600 acres, there are 23 miles of trails, 1,100 acres of open fields and 6,500 ...